Description: Rune Aero Inc. is developing a remotely piloted unmanned aircraft that incorporates cutting-edge hybrid-electric technologies that will help the U.S. to ultimately achieve net-zero carbon emissions from aviation by 2050. In this SBIR Phase I proposal and follow-on Phase II proposal, Rune Aero Inc. will partner with Auburn University to develop a hybrid-electric systems intended for cargo delivery missions that is remotely piloted. The purpose of the Phase I project, is to conduct preliminary assessments and formulate detailed plans for the Phase II proposal. Auburn University will support the prime contractor in both these objectives. In Phase II, the team will conduct more extensive analyses, build a subscale prototype, and flight test it. The objectives of Phase I include multi-disciplinary design optimization, stability and control analysis, flight and propulsion system control law development, and the design and simulation of subscale prototypes. These efforts aim to maximize the performance potential of the aircraft design and ensure its operational success. Phase I of the project involves several tasks, including creating a geometry model of the aircraft, incorporating weight estimation relationships, aerodynamic data, and engine performance data that will serve as the baseline for further analysis. Utilizing the baseline model, a Multi-disciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization MDAO will be conducted to optimize design variables; followed by high-fidelity CFD analysis to optimize the distributed electric propulsion system, aiming to reduce fuel burn and emissions by 75%. Detailed stability and control characteristics will be assessed, including dynamic stability, controllability, and failure scenarios, using MADCASP, and flight and propulsion control system architecture will be implemented. Lastly, a subscale prototypes will be designed and simulated using PEACE and MADCASP, providing insights into feasibility and performance.

Benefits: The successful completion of this research promises to propel the development and commercialization of hybrid-electric propulsion in aviation, leveraging comprehensive research initiatives to fully harness the potential of hybrid-electric distributed electric propulsion (DEP) architecture. These outcomes hold significant relevance to various levels within NASA programs, projects, and goals at multiple levels. At the Directorate level, this proposal aligns with NASA ARMD Strategic Thrust 3: Ultra-Efficient Subsonic Transport and Strategic Thrust 6: Assured Autonomy for Aviation Transformation, shaping the concept of operations (CONOPS) for PRODUCT. It directly impacts near-term (2020-2035) objectives while laying the groundwork for mid-term (2035-2045) and far-term (2045+) goals. On the Program level, it supports the Transformative Aeronautics Concepts Program (TACP) and Advanced Air Vehicles Program (AAVP) objectives by facilitating the evaluation of advanced technology vehicles, driving revolutionary enhancements in air travel efficiency and environmental impact reduction. At the Project level, the proposal contributes to the Transformational Tools and Technologies (TTT) Project, utilizing hybrid-electric DEP technology in PRODUCT and enhancing tools for designing and optimizing its architecture. Furthermore, it aids the Advanced Air Transport Technology (AATT) Project by focusing on groundbreaking energy efficiency and environmental compatibility. Lastly, it bolsters the Convergent Aeronautics Solution (CAS) Project by emphasizing rapid time-to-market, interdisciplinary collaboration in aircraft development, and the transformative potential of the hybrid-electric DEP human over-the-loop solution.The market opportunity for hybrid-electric propulsion extends beyond UAVs/remotely operated aircraft, encompassing sectors like commercial aviation, urban air mobility, and maritime transportation. A comprehensive commercialization approach considers retrofitting existing fleets, partnerships, and early collaborators. Hybrid-electric propulsion offers economic advantages in fuel cost reduction, lower maintenance expenses, and enhanced operational efficiency. Simplified designs and decreased downtime contribute to extended maintenance intervals. Regulatory incentives and carbon offsetting programs further incentivize adoption. The global electric and hybrid-electric aircraft market is projected to reach $37 billion by 2030, with a CAGR of 19%, driven by factors like rising fuel costs and emission regulations. Retrofitting existing fleets can unlock additional cost savings and extend operational lifespan. Customers include logistics firms, e-commerce giants, and government agencies involved in disaster relief. Targeted marketing and partnerships showcase cost savings, sustainability, and operational efficiency benefits. Collaboration with industry players, regulatory bodies, and technology suppliers is crucial for developing and certifying retrofit solutions. Early adopters, such as forward-thinking airlines, demonstrate a commitment to sustainability. Partnerships with logistics and e-commerce firms provide access to a large customer base and integration into existing supply chains. Collaborations with government agencies facilitate deployment in remote areas and disaster zones. Overall, a strategic approach leveraging partnerships and early adopters drives successful market entry and growth.