Description: Uncertainty management within autonomous systems is imperative to improving trust in multi-agent cyber-physical-human systems. These multi-agent systems require not only a robust uncertainty quantification strategy, but also an intelligible representation of uncertainty to human agents to elucidate confidence in the autonomous portions of the multi-agent systems. Here, we propose to develop a general framework for integrating uncertainty management within a variety of missions relevant to NASA. This framework will include key elements of deep learning for autonomous decision-making, quantification of data and model uncertainties, model explainability, and effective representation of system status to human agents. To achieve the goals of this project, CFD Research is partnering with the University of Michigan to transition recent advancements in the areas of deep learning, autonomy, uncertainty quantification, and mission management into an operational setting. In this program, space rendezvous will serve as the primary design reference mission for which to demonstrate the uncertainty management framework. In Phase I, we performed a proof-of-concept study where perception-based deep learning models were trained to perform pose estimation of a target spacecraft. These models were initially trained on publicly available spacecraft imagery datasets (e.g., SPEED+), then subsequently refined with renders of the Gateway outpost to align the work with NASAs current objectives. Uncertainty quantification and model explainability approaches were used to analyze the resulting model predictions. In Phase II, the technical approach will be further refined to include active learning and on-line model refinement, transfer learning, uncertainty-aware navigation and control, and a prototype user interface.

Benefits: This topic directly addresses NASA’s needs to address gaps in managing data and model uncertainties, especially for current and future activities by various mission directorates, including Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD), Science Mission Directorate (SMD), and others. As a vital component of NASA’s Artemis program, the design reference mission of the proposed effort, rendezvous with the Gateway outpost, should allow for NASA to directly leverage this technology in future activities.